Constitution of the Caliphate State / Systems & Policy
Social System §112-122; Economic System §123-169; Education Policy §170-180; Foreign Policy §181-191
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- Category: Economic System §123-169
Article 132: The disposal of property is restricted by the permission of the Legislator (swt), for both of spending and investment. Squandering, extravagance and miserliness are all forbidden. Capitalist companies, co-operatives and any other type of transactions which contradict the Shari’ah are forbidden. Interest, fraud, monopolies, gambling and anything similar are all forbidden.
Read more: Article 132: Spending and investment of property restricted by the Shari’ah
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- Category: Economic System §123-169
Article 133: Tithed land (‘Ushriyyah) constitutes land within the Arabian Peninsula and land whose owners had embraced Islam, whilst possessing the land, before the Islamic State conquered them by Jihad. Taxed land (Kharajiyyah) is all land, other than the Arabian Peninsula, which was opened by jihad, whether through war or peace treaties. The ‘Ushriyyah land, together with its benefits, is owned by individuals, whereas the Kharajiyyah land is owned by the State, while individuals own its benefits. Every individual has the right to exchange, through Shari’ah contracts, the tithed land and the benefits of taxed land. All people can inherit these, the same as with all other wealth.
Read more: Article 133: Tithed land (‘Ushriyyah), taxed land (Kharajiyyah)
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- Category: Economic System §123-169
Article 134:Dead land is possessed through its revival and fencing. Any other type of land is not possessed except through a Shari’ah means such as inheritance, purchase, and donation by the State.
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- Category: Economic System §123-169
Article 135:It is completely prohibited to rent land for agriculture, irrespective of whether the land was Kharajiyyah or ‘Ushriyyah. Likewise, temporary share-cropping is also prohibited. Musaaqa (renting trees for a portion of their yields) is permitted without restriction.
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- Category: Economic System §123-169
Article 136: Everyone that owns land is compelled to use it, and those that require financial help are given money from the Bayt Al-Mal to enable them to utilise their land. If anyone neglects utilising the land for three years continuously, it is taken from them and given to someone else.
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- Category: Economic System §123-169
Article 137: There are three categories of Public Ownership:
- a. Public utilities, such as the open spaces in the towns.
- b. Vast mineral resources, like oil fields.
- c. Things which, by their nature, preclude ownership by individuals, such as rivers.
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- Category: Economic System §123-169
Article 138: Factories by their nature are private property. However, they follow the rule of the product that they are producing. If the product is private property then the factory is considered to be private property, such as textile factories. If the product is public property then the factory is considered public property, such as factories for iron ore production.
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- Category: Economic System §123-169
Article 139: The State is not permitted to transfer private property into public property, since public property is confirmed by the nature and characteristic of wealth and not by the opinion of the State.
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- Category: Economic System §123-169
Article 140: Every individual from the Ummah has the right to utilise anything from public property, and it is not allowed for the State to permit someone to individually possess or utilise it.
Read more: Article 140: The right of utilise of public ownership
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- Category: Economic System §123-169
Article 141: The State is allowed to protect some of the dead land and any part of public property for any public interest.
Read more: Article 141: Protection of public property for public interest
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